GM. This is Milk Road Macro, the newsletter that knows that the cure for all ills and ailments is the euphoric rush of a gigantic, bullish reversal.

Everything looks bullish right now… but underneath, the macro cracks are still a bit worrisome. Today’s issue breaks down the three signals we should not ignore:

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THE “FINANCIAL BOMBING” OF IRAN 💣

The U.S. Treasury isn't just talking and shooting missiles anymore. They’ve moved to what Secretary Scott Bessent calls "financial bombing." 

The bombers: The U.S. naval blockade has a 100% success rate so far. Ten ships tried to leave Iranian ports; zero made it out. This isn't just a "blockade"; it's an economic siege.

Why it matters for your wallet:

The bottom line: Expect "inflation insurance" to stay expensive. Geopolitics is no longer a side-show; it's a tax on every tank of gas you buy and every product you consume.

WELCOME TO THE 100% DEBT CLUB 📉

The IMF just dropped a report that reads like a horror novel: Global public debt is on track to hit 100% of world GDP by 2029.

This report is full of fun little goodies about the global economy and how the market is reacting to the conflict in Iran.

What everyone missed: In its latest half-yearly fiscal monitor, the IMF issued a dire warning: global public debt is on track to reach 100% of world GDP by 2029.

Basically, we’re borrowing like it’s World War II, but without the post-war economic boom. The U.S. and China are the main ones driving this debt bus off the cliff.

For the macro investor, the 100% debt-to-GDP threshold is the "Rubicon" of fiscal dominance.

When a government’s debt reaches this level, the central bank loses its independence because it can no longer raise interest rates without causing a fiscal crisis for the state.

Who benefits?:

THE “NO HIRE, NO FIRE” ECONOMY 🛑

The Fed’s latest "Beige Book" (their diary of economic gossip) is out, and the mood is "wait-and-see". Overall economic activity increased at a slight to modest pace in eight of the twelve Federal Reserve Districts. However, the report is heavily defined by "widespread uncertainty" stemming from the conflict in the Middle East.

The Tea: The labor market has hit a weird stalemate. Most districts call it a "no hire, no fire" environment. Companies aren't doing mass layoffs, but they aren't hiring for anything other than basic replacements either.

Conflict-driven uncertainty: Businesses cited the Middle East conflict as a major complication for decision-making regarding hiring, pricing, and capital investment, leading many to adopt a "wait-and-see" posture.

Inflation & costs: Energy and fuel costs rose sharply in all Districts. While price growth remained moderate, input cost increases (particularly for metals, plastics, and petroleum-based products) often outpaced selling prices, compressing business margins.

Consumer sentiment: Spending increased slightly on balance, but many Districts reported growing financial strain among lower-income consumers, evidenced by higher demand at food banks. Spending by higher-income consumers remained resilient.

Labor markets: Employment was steady to up slightly. Firms showed a growing preference for temporary or contract workers to avoid permanent hiring commitments during this period of uncertainty.

Real estate: The housing market softened in several Districts as rising mortgage rates and general uncertainty dampened buyer demand. Commercial real estate was a bright spot, particularly for data centers and Class A office space.

Why it matters for your wallet:

Wrapping up

Honestly, the market is pumping its brains out right now.

The S&P 500 broke 7,000 and added neary $7T in market cap in just over ten days.

That said, there is still a huge amount of uncertainty in the economy that underlies these pumping markets.

We’re certainly overdue for price action to cool off a little bit in the short term.

It remains to be seen if this pump is going to kick start a blow off top of bullish momentum, or if it’s a trap to pull in the bulls before the bears take over.

Patience is important. Wait for clarity before you get caught up in FOMO.

Respect the volatility.

BITE-SIZED COOKIES FOR THE ROAD 🍪

Allbirds is ditching shoes to rent out GPUs. They secured $50M to become a "GPU-as-a-Service" provider. The stock jumped ~800%. Probably fine.

Morgan Stanley is shifting its digital asset strategy toward tokenization and "onchain" finance, viewing it as the next major step for its $8.2T wealth management business. 

China’s Q1 GDP came in at 4.8%. It’s a slight pickup, but the property market is still a disaster, and domestic spending is weak. Beijing is sticking to its 5% target, but they’re likely going to use "liquidity injections" (money printing) to keep the lights on.

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